This is the latest idea to exonerate Blédina moms give their babies prepared foods. The subsidiary of Danone, France's leading infant nutrition market with 48.6% (against 23.4% for Nestle), will launch next month the first cooked dishes, compotes and other small pots sold in the fresh. Dubbed Blédina Day, this range of twenty-seven references (savory dishes, desserts …) is for toddlers from 4 to 12 months.

It took three years to Blédina and more than 10 million investment to develop these products, manufactured at its plant in Brive (Corrèze). Their launch, first in the large hypermarkets and Monoprix in Paris, will run until 2013. If successful, Europe is already in sight.

Fifty years after inventing the small glass jar, Blédina intends to revolutionize the consumption patterns. The company even provided dedicated refrigerators to hypermarkets, which will be placed in the middle of the radius baby. "We want to find moms who have moved away from these products because of the taste and rally those who have never been consumers with products that are as close as possible to the home-made," says Didier Lamblin, who took the Blédina reins last September. Approximately 30% of mothers are still reluctant to provide any dishes made with their babies and prefer them to concoct a homemade mashed potatoes. In total, more than half of the consumption of children aged 0 to 3 years which is made of non-specific products.

Revive the category

So, even if the French babies are the first consumers in the world of small pots and other dishes cooked (115 kg per year per child), tied with the English, partly because of prior trademarks and the number of active women, the growth potential remains high no fax pay day loan. This market, which weighs 1.2 billion euros (including 85% in supermarkets), has been stagnant for three years after experiencing an average growth of 6 to 7% from 2001 to 2008. He even saw its volumes fall by 3% over the last six months. "We have never experienced such a decline in this market," says Didier Lamblin, which reflects the constraints of purchasing power of French households. The purchase of small pots and other dishes (48% market share) has been most impacted by the economic environment than baby milk (52% market share), considered essential.

There was therefore urgent to revitalize the category. Especially as Nestlé, challenger in France, put the package last year to revive its brand NaturNes. Which enabled him to win a point of market share. "We are optimistic that growth will be as fresh to the radius of up to 25% of the category," said Didier Lamblin.

To convince moms, Blédina has chosen to focus on the naturalness, the culinary virtues and taste. On white background, packaging puts forward the product recipe and origin 100% French ingredients. Blédina also preferred product availability, crisis requires (from 1.69 euro to 3.70 euro reference).  

Another initiative at Danone, Gallia will launch its brand by the end of an economy size baby milk in the form of a bag-in-Box, for the most modest budgets.

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Note: Nicolas Sarkozy aims to balance public finances in 2016, Francois Hollande in 2017.

Roman Lucazeau, Chargé de Mission in the Business Institute, details the mechanisms at work in the test programs.

THE FIGARO.FR. – Why submit programs of candidates for this test?

Roman Lucazeau. – Although, compared to the 2007 presidential campaign, the programs of the two main candidates are more accurate, they still gray areas and are based on slightly different economic scenarios. This makes comparison difficult. So we tried to apply the same economic variables: growth rate, inflation, unemployment rate, by 2017. We also wanted to discover what happened to the public finances if the programs were implemented with, notably, lower growth than that provided by the candidates, for example, that France has known, on average, over the past decade.

Originally, this type of exercise is applied by the financial authorities to banks. These are subject to economic scenarios degraded to assess their strength in case of economic crisis. We use a similar method to test the ability of candidates to achieve their stated goal (zero deficit in 2016 for Nicolas Sarkozy in 2017 for Francis Holland).

But in a crisis, a candidate can always abandon its initial program

.

Absolutely. We test the strength of their roadmap, as defined during the election campaign, in a worse position than they anticipate. We evaluate today's promises and do not prejudge the future president of the reactions in case of contingencies.

How does this model?

We leave the bases nominee programs (eg growth rate, the level of taxes and public spending …) and against which they built their proposals. These assumptions are public and have been developed by their campaign teams. We determine how the deficit and debt change if we change some parameters on the basis of data and public reporting, the INSEE, the Court of Auditors and of Bercy. The details of our methodology is available on our website.  

How do you ensure objectivity of your approach?

We submitted the candidates' platforms to the same constraints: same inflation, even growth, even drift government spending or health insurance, etc.. The differences between results are explained by the differences between the programs themselves. Debt strategy of the two candidates based on both on growth, tax increases and budget savings. But Nicolas Sarkozy and Francois Hollande do not intend to use these levers to the same extent. Their programs do not react the same way a change of parameters.

Loan Union plans to become a beneficiary in excess of 100 million euros in loan production per year payday loans direct lenders.

Since the beginning of the campaign, the Business Institute is screening the proposals of the major candidates. Holland in the program, the single most "budget-" would be the creation of 200,000 contracts "generation" every year. This device is for a company to keep a senior until his full retirement and hire the same time a young person under 25 years, with exemption of social contributions on both jobs for three years. It would weigh between 7.6 and 8.3 billion euros per year, at the end of the quinquennium.

Besides, the cost of 150,000 "jobs of the future" seems almost weightless! It would reach 823 million, including exemptions from employer contributions for – minority – of these jobs in the private sector. More expensive would be the possibility to retire at age 60 and full rate for those who have paid 41 years: $ 4 cheap credit report.5 billion in 2017.

Some measures in the bill forgotten

As for the passage of 75% to 50% by 2025 the nuclear share of electricity generation – which means "to increase the share of non-renewable energy from 15% to 40%" – it would cost 1, 8 billion to the state in 2017, in the form of tax loopholes (and double for the consumer as higher electricity prices).

Finally, the independent think tank the valid order of magnitude announced by the PS 20 billion in additional government spending per year, a lame, totally financed by tax increases. In this detail: some measures have been forgotten in the bill – including all those evaluated today by the Business Institute!

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An overwhelming majority of Germans opposed the new plan of aid to Greece, considered the Rhine as a "bottomless pit": 62% were against while 33% are in favor of the second package, according to a survey of Bild am Sonntag. But Angela Merkel is assured of getting a solid "yes" of members of the Bundestag on Monday. However, the majority of the Chancellor will maintain pressure to deny any increase in the German bill, while the finance minister, Wolfgang Schäuble, no longer excludes a third bailout.

For the seventh time in less than two years, 620 members of the Lower House of Parliament shall meet in extraordinary session to give the green light at the European level against the debt crisis. Each time, Merkel has to struggle to gather behind his own majority. German lawmakers must approve by a large majority a motion detailing the decisions taken in Brussels a week earlier by the Eurogroup, essentially a second aid package of 130 billion euros to Greece. Germany's share is $ 35 billion.

Incentives for a withdrawal of Greece from the euro area

There is no guarantee the success of the second plan, according to Wolfgang Schäuble, who does not dismiss the idea of ​​a new bailout program in the coming years. "We can not say with certainty that the path taken will be successful. It is also possible that this is not the last time that the German Parliament will have to consider financial assistance to Greece, he wrote in a letter to parliamentarians, urging them to approve the bailout plan in Athens. Because I am convinced that this is the track I require your support for this plan. "

For the first time this weekend, a member of the German government has called for an output of Greece in the euro area. "I do not mean to exclude the Grècede the euro area, assured the Minister of the Interior, the Bavarian conservative Hans-Peter Friedrich, but to succeed in creating incentives for a withdrawal that can not be broken." It considered "the greatest chances of Greece to regenerate outside the Economic and Monetary Union." The observers will scrutinize closely the number of rebels in the majority of the Chancellor. Considering that this is the least damaging solutions, many elected officials should vote the plan rather ungraciously.

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Social cuts and austerity measures provoke social unrest throughout the Iberian Peninsula. In Spain, the reform of the labor market, adopted Friday by decree, has attracted a first wave of spontaneous protest. In Portugal, it is the application of the rescue plan that creates a massive mobilization.

At the Puerta del Sol of Madrid, hundreds of people gathered Friday night to protest against the reform. Described as "historic" by the Conservative government of Mariano Rajoy, the decree is the latest attempt by Madrid halting the advance of unemployment, which seems unstoppable. At 22.85% of the workforce, the Spanish rate has broken all records in the industrialized world.

The Executive intends to promote employment by making IDUs more attractive. In addition to some tax incentives, the reform lowers the costs of layoffs and wage cuts authorize unilateral when the company through a bad patch.

General strike on hold

The event on Friday, unauthorized, has been dissolved violently by police as the protesters approached the Parliament. Unions, criticized by protesters who think they are too timid, were not represented Puerta del Sol. Comisiones Obreras (CCOO) and Union General de Trabajadores (UGT) intend to channel anger Social next Sunday: a "general mobilization" was convened and processions will be organized throughout Spain. The possibility of a general strike, it remains outstanding.

In Portugal, the mobilization has already taken place. "The biggest demonstration in thirty years' 300,000 people gathered Saturday in Lisbon, according to the CGTP, the main union. In a long speech, the secretary general of the Central attacked both the troika (European Commission, ECB and IMF), responsible for monitoring the implementation of the bailout, and the government, accused of submission. Many times Arménio Carlos was interrupted by protesters when he cited the name of the Prime Minister, Pedro Passos Coelho. "Gatuno! Gatuno "(" Thief! "), The crowd chanted. Also put into question, the finance minister, accused of violating the "dignity" and "sovereignty" of the Portuguese. In an exchange with his German counterpart, Vitor Gaspar had thanked Berlin for accepting an "adjustment" of the financial plan.

Advocating a debt renegotiation, Carlos called for a higher minimum wage Portuguese, currently set at 485 euros gross. A new day of action is scheduled on February 29.

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The FIP and FCPI no longer as successful … These funds were nevertheless supposed to attract the savings of the French and use it to finance long-term SME unlisted. A long-term investment (eight to ten years), illiquid, without capital guarantee but with a … boutique tax: a reduction in ISF or income tax, as desired.

But last year, this core was not enough tax. For the first time since 2006, investment funds and local mutual funds in innovation have collected less than a billion euros, according to preliminary figures compiled by Capital Finance. "Overall, the devices that qualify for a reduction of income tax have seen their collection collapse of 27%. Those that reduce the TFR fared better: subscriptions declined only 12% to 15%, "notes Fabrice Imbault, executive vice president of A Plus Finance.

The climate crisis probably did not last year prompted investors to invest long term, nor to take risks. The radius défiscalisants investments, they also often preferred "investment Scellier, whose death was announced," notes Fabrice Imbault.

The plane of the tax has been

But professionals also designate another fault: the movement of the plane tax, which last year was reduced by 25% to 22% reduction of income tax granted for these products. However, the rate granted in 2012 has shrunk 18% only. Will it be sufficient to compensate in the eyes of policyholders, the investment risks and constraints, there will be sufficient to continue to attract subscriptions? The stakes are high, when many small businesses are afraid to have more difficulty obtaining bank loans and seek more stable funding.

More and more management companies adjust their strategy in any case. They are moving away from FIP and FCIC, whose management constraints (imposed by the state in exchange for tax benefits) they seem to become too heavy. And are more interested in venture capital funds (mutual funds, venture capital). More confidential funds, reserved for wealthy investors who do not seek a tax cut, but want to diversify their assets on SMEs, in the hope of good performances. "Many subscribers are themselves leaders or former leaders of society, and ready to accompany young dynamic SMEs that develop," says Foucault Delannoy, associate Cape Horn Invest.

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Philippe Mimran – all depends what you mean by "safe." If this is the sense of repayable loan, the answer is yes. France is able to repay its debts. However, if the sense of an investment that does not generate short-term losses, the answer is no. In other words, the French government bonds are no longer as safe as German bonds. Financial markets expect interest rates continue to rise. This difference of 190 basis points is the same as that between Italian bonds and German bonds in July.The French bonds are more risky than a month ago, European banks sell massively.

Why?

The rules for accounting for government bonds in banks' balance sheets have changed. Until then, when a bank subscribed to an obligation of 100 million euros to 2.5%, it maintained that amount on its balance sheet and collected an annual coupon of 2.5%. And, regardless of the carrying amount of the obligation. Now, if the title is only worth 90 million euros, it instantly suffer a loss of 10%. The balance sheet of banks is affected. For secure, regulators require them to strengthen their capital.

Las. Cousin may well sell organic wine at the best restaurants, the law is against it. "The AOC Anjou is protected by decree.We fight every day to defend our demarcated areas, "says Patrice Laurendeau, president of the Federation of Anjou wine. On the Internet, many blogs Cousin support and a petition was launched to the attention of the authorities.

The AOC, however, is not always the enemy of the bio. Throughout France, AOC wine producers there are already converted, along with other winemakers. From 2009 to 2010, the organic vineyard area has increased by 33%. As to represent 6.2% of the total area of ​​vines, and perhaps "10% in 2012," according to the Association of Independent Winegrowers France.

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