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Christophe de Margerie confirmed and signed. In mid-April, the boss of Total has caused an uproar by saying that the super two euros per liter was something inevitable.This time the statements are more subtle but no less firm: on the margins of economic meetings in Aix-en-Provence, the head of the French company said that "the price (of oil) rather than being on the rise, so do not expect long-term prices (fuel) down. "

The issue is very clear to Christophe de Margerie, "If it does not reflect the increase in oil prices, the box runs." Under these conditions, while going on holiday will intensify in the coming days, the price the pump are about to take four to five cents extra.

The decision of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IEA) on 23 June, to tap into strategic reserves to lower prices will have had a very limited impact."The effect was instantaneous – crude has fallen from 115 to 107 dollars, almost four cents less at the pump – but the fundamentals of the market quickly regained the upper hand," said Jean-Louis Schilansky, President of the French Union of Petroleum Industries (Ufip).

$ 200 a barrel

In this case, is the increase in demand on prices. While the IEA has estimated that the outbreak in the spring classes began to slow global consumption, but the 90 million barrels per day (bpd) is no longer so distant. Moreover, if growth continues, the cap could be gone by the end of the year, according to the scenarios of the Agency.

Meanwhile, it is unclear how far prices will rise at the pump. At the end of last week, the Brent crude in London closed above $ 118."The courses tend gradually to 120 dollars," said Jean-Louis Schilansky which states that within a few days fuel prices should find their levels of early June. An average of 1.50 euro for unleaded 95 and 1.33 euro for a liter of diesel. As for the bar that fateful two euros per liter, it corresponds to the experts at a price of 200 dollars a barrel. "We still have some respite," said Jean-Louis Schilansky.

In this issue so sensitive fuel prices – especially in summer – the government continues to be very careful. A few days ago, they had encouraged retailers to pass quickly down the barrel instantly.This time, they should encourage stakeholders – oil and supermarkets – to smooth the rise in crude.

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The "minicanicule" announced for the next 48 hours will probably only reinforce the trend: "With the good weather that prevailed in France, beer consumption has registered an increase of 2.7% over the first months of year, "said Pascal Chevremont, managing director of France Brewers, whose 76 members account for three quarters of the beer produced in France. The increase is mixed following market segments: + 0.6% for cafés, hotels, restaurants and up 3.7% in supermarkets.

The warm spring and very dry, however, is not very good news for the sector. He has had a devastating effect on crops of malting barley."With the rain in recent days, there may be good surprises, but overall we expect yields down 55 quintals per hectare or so, a decrease of 10 to 20% compared to Last year, "Christophe fears Grison, president of the network Farre (Forum of farming environmentally friendly), himself a farmer of malting barley in the Oise.

Especially since the quality risk, too, to be less. "The water did not fall at the right time, we expect to see the analysis made after the harvest on the eating quality and protein content of barley, says Pascal Chevremont. Decommissioning of feed barley malting barley should be more important. "

Christmas Beer

The offer should be hexagonal in decline. Yet France is the second largest exporter of barley after Russia cash advances pay day loan.The price of this raw material, essential to the manufacture of beer, will therefore remain at high levels. According to the latest monthly bulletin of economic FranceAgriMer (the body responsible for collecting data on agricultural crops in France), prices have more than doubled in one year, more than 235 euros a tonne. They even reached in early May 320 euros per tonne on the futures market Euronext.

For the moment, "the brewers are working on stocks three months ago," said Michel Portier for his part, Director of Agritel, a company specializing in risk management in the prices of agricultural commodities. So no risk of immediate price increase of the half at the counter.

The first harvest of barley into malt today – it takes between 150 and 200 grams of malt to make a liter of beer – will not be in the glasses before the end of the year, with Christmas beer.

"But ultimately, it will have an impact on the final product increased barley as packaging, another important component of cost, also recorded significant increases," warned Pascal Chevremont. Tariff negotiations ahead sandwiched between the purchasing of large retailers – which sells three-quarters of the beer – and the four major brewers, who control more than half the world market: AB InBev (Leffe), SAB Miller, Heineken and Carlsberg (Kronenbourg).

François Gipouloux specialist in the Chinese economy and researcher at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS)

The damage is done. Although the cucumber is more pronounced as carrier of the bacterium E. Slayer coli (EHEC), the bill is very heavy for the French vegetable growers. Consumers stay still images as well as tomato salad and a time alleged by Germany.

"Nothing in a week, we estimate our losses to 3 million euros," said Friday afternoon at Figaro Angelique Delahaye, president of Vegetables in France. She just finished consolidating losses estimated at national level by some 3,000 growers of cucumbers and tomatoes. "We're going to report these figures in the service of the Ministry of Agriculture in the context of the experts meeting in Brussels next Tuesday," she says.

Half of the losses on the production of cucumbers and half the tomatoes."We lost earlier this week a program to supply 500 600 tons of tomatoes to 1.10 euro per kilo from the German central purchasing or 550,000 to 660,000 euros less," says Pierre Diot, president of the AOP (Association producer organization) cucumbers and tomatoes, producer Mordelles, west of Rennes.

Brittany produces half of the tomatoes of the Hexagon, 30% from the Deep South and the rest of the Nantes region. "After a week of total absence of trade in vegetables, we are angry because we have no alternative but to destroy our production," said Louis Vinet representing growers Nantes, tripling affected free business cards.

Salads down 20%

However, it is too early to assess damage on sales of salad, vegetable of which the French are especially fond of this heat – they consume nearly 7 pounds per year -."The production is spread among a multitude of gardening and it is more difficult to gather the numbers," says Angelique Delahaye.

The only certainty in Rungis, Ile de France, the second producing region of the Hexagon salads, "salads sold volumes dropped 20% in a dynamic market, however, except of course the cucumbers fall of 80%," says Michel Lemelin, president of the union of wholesale fruit and vegetable market of Rungis.

In this difficult context, French producers can always relativize their misfortune by saying that the situation is worse elsewhere. Particularly in the Iberian Peninsula. The Spanish Federation of Producers exporting fruits and vegetables (FEPEX) estimated losses on Tuesday "to about 200 million euros per week" for the entire sector, citing a "domino effect" affecting other Spanish products."All fruits and vegetables were impacted by Spain. Fortunately in France strawberries, zucchini, eggplant and continue to sell, "relativize Angelique Delahaye.

To break this cycle, the European Ministers of Agriculture are scheduled to meet around 17 June in Luxembourg for a special meeting on the subject.

The mere mention of his name thrills. The supermodel Adriana Karembeu confirms that it is also a business woman: she announced Thursday that his firm, AKD, is just steps away from joining the Paris Bourse. This is also an ambassador for the Red Cross has launched five years ago his company of cosmetics and spa hotels, including providing public relations in both France and Japan easy payday loans. Adriana Karembeu day before each presentation of the products of Silicium +, to bring the message of respect and healthy – its products are not tested on animals and contain no parabens – and the "consumer thinking, civic and qualitative.

Adriana Karembeu poses to promote her cosmetics.

The cold shower! Between January and March, the amount of money bet on sports online paris tumbled 26.5% in France compared to last quarter of 2010. According to the Regulatory Authority online games (Arjel), they accounted for 147 million euros for all 16 sites de paris sportifs allowed (BetClick, Bwin, PMU, … FdJ).

"This is a significant decrease, but this does not mean that athletes will put Paris down more than 20% this year, according to Jean-Francois Vilotte, president of the Arjel. The market just opened and we have no referent for the first quarter of 2010. We are attentive. It should not be the legal tender, for lack of attractiveness, the lead players trying to reconnect with the illegal sites. "

Football remains the supreme discipline of bettors

Several factors explain this lack of enthusiasm of the punters, starting with the sports calendar.There was no unifying event as a World Cup football, capable of boosting demand. Football remains the supreme discipline of punters, with 54% of stakes, to tennis (24%).

That said, the end of 2010 had not been richer in big tournaments. Operators are responsible for what happens to them. "To reconstruct a portion of their margins and respect the average rate of return to players imposed by law, they have degraded their ratings, making them less attractive to paris players," said Jean-Francois Vilotte. Indeed, if the bets were down 26.5% in the first quarter, gross gaming revenue has increased it to 33 million against 27 million last quarter of 2010. "Operators have underestimated the lack of culture in France paris sport and have not adapted their supply, said Jean-Francois Vilotte.Italian and English are long accustomed to paris sports, often to excess. But bet on Beckham's haircut is not necessary for sports! "

Missing operators

However, fans of horse racing and poker paris are themselves remained at the rendezvous. In the first quarter, the amount bet in paris horse has reached 241 million euros, in the last quarter 2010 and still much more than this summer. In poker, they are also stable at 1.9 billion euros, while the activity of tournaments grew another 4%, entry fees from 261 to 271 million in three months. One thing is sure, Jean-François Vilotte concluded: "Quite naturally, some sites will disappear or be absorbed." Already, Canalwin, a subsidiary of Canal + and Ladbrokes gave its approval.TF1 and prepares to throw the towel in Eurosportbet.

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Click on the thumbnail to enlarge the graphic.

It was expected that the two "small" U.S. operators Sprint Nextel and T-Mobile (subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom) have joined forces to resist the pressure of the two "big", Verizon Wireless and AT & T.Bombshell: the giant AT & T, the number two market heavyweight 95.5 million customers, who captured the number four, T-Mobile for $ 39 billion.

AT & T should thus take the place of leading U.S. mobile phone he had lost to Verizon in early 2009, posting 129 million subscribers and a turnover of $ 80 billion in Mobile after the merger .

If AT & T, formerly incumbent U.S. broke out in 1984 by the court to give birth to "Baby Bells", and finally restored, starts the mega acquisition is that it is itself threatened by the emergence of New players: Net giants Apple and Google.

Faced with the explosion of mobile Internet created the success of smartphones, iPhone in mind, the telcos are obliged to invest massively scale their networks, but does not affect revenues. AT & T was the exclusive distributor of iPhone in the United States from 2007 to February 2011 made the bitter experience: back to the boom in mobile internet traffic, its congested networks had broken down in cities like San Francisco and New York, then being told the boss of AT & T that the iPhone was his "worst nightmare".Traffic on the network of AT & T has increased 8000% in four years and by 2015 it should be 8-10 times higher than in 2010.

"The race to size"

"The problem of operators today is to be paid for the huge investments they are forced to make their networks to support the explosion of data traffic," said Virginia Lazès, associate director of the bank Bryan Garnier. The answer is the race for size. It can rebalance their magnifying powers face the giants of the Net. On the one hand, with 130 million customers, AT & T will carry more weight in discussions with Apple, which often resemble a standoff.On the other hand, being larger, its business model becomes more relevant because it can generate synergies in investment and marketing. "

To address this bottleneck networks, AT & T has begun the deployment of 4th generation network (known as LTE). The acquisition of T-Mobile will save him time. "With additional capacity and frequency network, we can better meet the current requirements of our customers, build for the future and help achieve the objective of the President (Barack Obama) America connected a wireless and high- flow, "commented the CEO of AT & T, Randall Stephenson.

"The regulator should not oppose the FCC not to this level because there is a political will to accelerate the transition to 4G mobile broadband.The United States would indeed catch up in 2G/3G mobile compared to Asia and Europe, "said Stéphane Dubreuil, associate director of the firm Sia Council. A reverse pattern of France, where the regulator has pushed early 2012 arrival of a fourth operator, with Free? Do not forget that the U.S. has a plethora of regional operators (Alltel, TracFone, U.S. Cellular, MetroPCS, Cricket, Jump Mobile, Dobson Cellular, etc.). "In fact, the U.S. market was ultraconcurrentiel returns to normal and the French market was oligopolistic becomes competitive," says Virginia Lazès.

Reconciliations between stock markets around the world do not seem ready to stop. After the marriage of places in London and Toronto, followed closely by the Frankfurt Stock Exchange with Euronext, the head of the New York Stock Exchange, the Paris, Brussels, Amsterdam and Lisbon announced an alliance with the place Toronto TSE.

This new service aims to enable customers of both companies to exchange on both platforms. The CEO of NYSE Euronext, Duncan Niederauer, and the CEO of Tokyo Stock Exchange, Atsushi Saito signed a "letter of intent to identify opportunities that would provide customers of each exchange access markets to the other through a link between networks. "

Thus, the number one fellow said that "customers of both exchanges would benefit from this network to convert multi-format orders that they pass and avoid a costly development work." The Japanese operator, he believes that the partnership "will provide investors from Europe and the United States more opportunities to invest in Asia."

Alliances between stock exchanges are explained by a desire to be more competitive. Incumbents have recently lost market share against new platforms stock alternatives like Chi-X or BATS, emerged following the new rules to liberalize markets. Yet as the barometer Equinox Consulting La Tribune published on Wednesday the costs of negotiations all markets for orders from institutional investors declined only 5% since the new law.

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And if the Renault spy case was based on a simple internal settling of scores? Having missed so far, this track is not ruled according to a source close to the investigation quoted by Le Parisien on Saturday.

She says an employee of Renault 'close' to Michel Balthazar, former head of the division "upstream projects and services" of the company and laid off in January with two other executives, Matthieu Tenenbaum Rochette and Bertrand, was the author of the famous anonymous letter sent in late August at the direction of Renault.

"In May this year, I saw Michael Balthazard negotiate a jar of wine, claiming that if Bob Bell took advantage of F1, also wanted to enjoy it and feed his bank account," says the author literally. Without the quote, it also aims Matthew Tenenbaum."During another conversation, he (Michel Balthazar, Ed) spoke of a young man (Matthew Tenenbaum, Ed) which quickly understood how it works to fill his bank account," he adds.

Renault has made "mistakes"

Recognizing not have "no evidence", the "Raven" was threatening the management of Renault. "Without checking action on your part, I would not hesitate in a few weeks to send the letter to the press creditreport." But according to RTL radio, which obtained one of the anonymous letters, the document aimed Michel Balthazard contains "no details or overwhelming potential to advance the investigation."

Anyway, the contents of this letter plot."Who else but a close security service may Renault whether audits will be conducted?" Asks Maitre Thibault de Montbrial, lawyer Matthew Tenenbaum.

The Central Directorate of Internal Intelligence (DCRI), responsible for investigating this matter, and would guide his research on the environment "very close" to Michel Balthazard. A dozen people are suspected by investigators.

For its part, Renault, however, convinced he has been betrayed by three executives who allegedly leaked confidential information, now acknowledges having made "mistakes." And if the automaker had wrongfully dismissed three executives on false accusations from a "raven" still an employee of the group? This would then no longer one but two crises that the automaker should be managed.

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In Barcelona at Mobile World Congress, Nokia-Microsoft agreement is central to the questions. Stephen Elop responds.

LE FIGARO. – Google has criticized the alliance with Microsoft, saying that the marriage of "two turkeys never created an eagle?

Stephen Elop. – Our two groups have complementary products and a balanced portfolio of assets. Together, we have great facilities, well-finished products and strong brands in operating systems for mobile phones. It's the same in services with a side maps, location services and guidance on the other search engines, the range of services for the Xbox game console and productivity tools.Overall, we need the full range.

Why not have chosen Google's Android?

We would have encouraged the emergence of a duopoly in smartphones, with a side of Apple and Google each other. For in recent years, Apple has been between 15% and 20% of the market and Android between 60% and 70%. That would have recalled the development for the PC industry, where margins of manufacturers have become weak. An alliance with Google would have been detrimental, ultimately, to our ecosystem.

What is the financial part of the agreement with Microsoft?

On the one hand, we will buy Microsoft's Windows operating system Phone for our future smartphones. This allows us to reduce our investment in research and development. We will reduce our operational expenses. On the other, Microsoft will give us a lot of cash. This amount is counted in billions of dollars.We can increase our marketing efforts and our search for the next generation of products.

Your competitors are paying 10 to 15 dollars a Windows Phone 7. How much will you pay?

We are the leading manufacturer of mobile phones in the world. So we got an attractive price.

Will you continue to use Symbian OS for Nokia smartphones for entry-level?

We intend to use Windows phone in as many products as possible. In India, where a mobile phone costs $ 3 to purchase, we will also have a proposal for a Windows phone. In addition, we have our own solutions which will benefit from our investments

Why did Nokia shares fell on the announcement of the alliance with Microsoft?

We created a lot of ambiguities and uncertainties for investors personal loan for poor credit.How long the transition period going to last? What will happen pending the release of our first products on Windows 7 Phone this year? In addition, we have announced substantial job cuts, without specifying the number, because we must provide these answers to the staff before the unveiling. All these issues have caused uncertainty.

What do you want to change the culture of Nokia?

Change the way we work. First, division heads will be responsible for the results of their activities and bureaucracy will be abolished. Now, Jo Harlow, for example, is responsible for the results of the division of smartphones. This was not the case before. The heads of subsidiaries have more power without needing to refer all the time in Finland. We want to improve the elements of the corporate culture.The company was too slow in its decision making. We must think with more humility. We deliver more and more mobile phones, but the market situation is changing very fast. We must be more humble in our decision making and how to talk to our customers

What is your involvement in the Internet Tablet?

We MeeGo operating system, designed with Intel, which was adopted by a German partner for an Internet tablet. Mobile World Congress, other companies should announce. For Nokia, we have multiple options. We can take advantage of our agreement with Microsoft or operate our own operating systems.With MeeGo, we could see the emergence of other products such as GPS navigation devices.

How many do you have Microsoft stock?

I had a substantial stake in Microsoft, because of my former office. During the thirty days following my departure, I did not have the right to sell those shares, for regulatory reasons. Then, once I was right, I initiated a sales program. I achieved 60% of the shares I own. But as soon as we started discussions with Microsoft, I stopped the sale because I own proprietary information, unknown to investors.

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