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For the first time since 1980, the number of three public (state, territorial and hospital) have stagnated in France in 2008. Specifically, they rose only 1800postes. From never-seen since 1980. At 31 December 2008, according to report data annually on the Public Service published yesterday, the Hexagon were almost 5.3 million employees, or 20.5% of total employment, and 656,000 more than a decade ago.

The virtual stagnation of 2008 is largely to the credit of the state civil service has continued to decrease in population from 2006. It has eliminated 77,000 jobs last year, including through non-replacement of a staff of two who retire and to continue the policy of transfer of powers to local authorities. This represents a decline of 3.1% of its workforce in a year.France, employs 2.4 million civil servants, 69.5% and 14.1% of holders of soldiers. This total is 1.4% lower than in 1998, representing a decline of nearly 35,000 agents in a decade.

The numbers have declined in 2008 across all departments, with the exception of Justice and the prime minister. The portfolios of Education and Ecology have been most affected by the cuts with cuts respective 43,000 and 23,000 agents. Finally, almost a two-state official now works in education, one in five of Defense and Interior to eleven.

2328euros per month for a state agent

Another finding of the report 2009-2010 on the state of the public service: local authorities have continued to recruit with a vengeance with nearly 70,000 new jobs in 2008.The local civil service now employs 1.82 million people. A total of 3.9% higher than in 2008 and, especially, a surge of 40% compared to 1998. This dramatic increase is partly related to the second law of decentralization occurred in 2003. The regions – which employs only 4% of all local officials – have been particularly intensive public sector jobs as they saw their numbers jump over a decade, from 22.5% on average each year and even 49% per year since 2005. In more than one in four cases, recruitment occurred three years prior to 2008 had nothing to do with transfer of responsibilities from the State.

The public hospital has, meanwhile, was more reasonable since the increase of its workforce in 2008 was four times lower than that of local authorities: 1% over one year or more 10000agents.At December 31, staff of public hospitals accounted for approximately 1 million people. Those numbers have increased, on average ten years, 1.8% each year.

Pay later, an officer of the state received an average of 2328 euros net per month in 2008. An increase of 3.7% in current euros a year and 0.9% after allowing for inflation. Territorial Agent earned nearly 600 euros less and a hospital, 150. In both cases, the territorial and hospital officials have seen their wages decline in net income a year, by 0.6% and 0.1% in constant euros.

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The rebound from last night seem to be prolonged unless the unemployment figures contradict. Around noon, the index futures Standard & Poor's 500 and Nasdaq 100 advanced 0.27% to 1057.40 points and 0.27% at 1794.5 points. The Dow Jones itself could open up 0.22% at 10,069 points.

Yesterday, Wall Street's rebound has been sketched primarily due to buying cheap and the results of Toll Brothers and American Eagle Outfitters, welcome. The Dow Jones climbed 0.20% to finally 10 060 points, while the Nasdaq took up 0.84% to 2142 points.

The U.S. Department of Commerce on Wednesday, new home sales in the U.S. for the month of July 2010 have yet to set seasonally adjusted rate of 276 thousand units, the lowest in history, against a consensus site close to 340 thousand.Orders for U.S. durable goods for the month of July 2010 have certainly increased 0.3%, but the consensus was expecting 2.5%.

Jobless claims Thursday, Friday and GDP

If new jobless claims expected today will likely affect the opening of Wall Street, prompting him to be careful, tomorrow, Friday, the indicator most crucial will be unveiled: the second estimate GDP growth in the second quarter.This risk, with a sharp drop early in the indices plunge into turmoil.

On the corporate side, Ford could respond to a current size: the two groups comes as U.S. automaker to announce, with the Japanese Mazda, an investment of 350 million dollars (273 million euros) via their joint venture AutoAlliance Thailand (AAT), for the equipment of a factory in Thailand pick-up of new generation.

Wal-Mart Stores, has asked the U.S. Supreme Court to stop a massive partnership action brought by female employees, court documents show Wednesday.

Novell Inc. will release its results after market. And Tiffany, in the night.

Wage discrimination between men and women has been the subject of numerous reports. That between heterosexuals and homosexuals had never been studied. Until today. Two economists from the University of Evry have considered this matter and found a gap of 6.5% on average in the private sector and 5.5% year on public Liberation reported Saturday. A result based on a sample of 904 cases.

This difference was found "all things being equal", the newspaper said, that is to say, qualifications and duties equal, in businesses of similar size, etc.. "After dismissing all the biases that could distort the results, we arrive at a pay gap is said unexplained", explains Thierry Laurent, co-authored the study with Ferhat Mihoubi. Only males are affected by this discrimination. The lesbians do not suffer any apparent loss of wages "unexplained".

This discrimination does not affect all gays with the same force. The less educated and the young could be less discriminated against, while the widening gap with the qualifications and experience. As a percentage of the "visibility" of an employee within the company, analyze the two economists. The young staff are more secure, with little "visible" for competitive examination.

"Marriage premium"

The results of the study are close to the observed differences in wages abroad, but it must include "marriage premium" observed in France. A married man will win because on average 4% more than a single. Homosexuals can not have access to marriage, they are doubly penalized.In the U.S., according to a study published in October 2007 and based on the study of 91,000 cases, a gay employee earns an average 23% less than heterosexual married counterparts.

In France, these wage differentials are explained, the two authors argue, by homophobia. "A CSA poll conducted in March 2009, said Liberation, revealed that 28% of private sector employees do not feel" very comfortable "with the fact that their colleague is gay.

The M6 Group on Tuesday said its results for the first half of 2010. Turnover increased by 9.4% and advertising revenue of 7.4% by M6.

LE FIGARO. – The results of the first half they marked the recovery of accounts?

Nicolas de Tavernost. – The model M6, which is based on two feet, with 55% of revenues related to advertising and 45% due to diversification, proved last year that he could withstand the crisis. In 2009, M6 has been one of the few media groups in Europe to maintain its result. Today, that same model shows that it is also effective in upturns. Thus, our operating profit grew by 23% in the first half of 2010.

Note that all segments of the group – the M6, digital channels, media rights, Internet, Distance Selling … – rose.Accordingly, the group turnover is above the 2008 level, which is not the case in the advertising market. Finally, with an operating margin growth of 2.1 points to 17.9%, the profitability of the M6 is two times higher than its main competitor. This validates the relevance of model M6.

M6 she stood facing the World Cup football?

Firstly, that the advertising market has benefited from a World Cup is not correct. Proof, M6, which was unable to attend matches of the World Cup as opposed to TF1, France Televisions, Canal +, has turned this handicap into an advantage. This is for two simple reasons: three-quarters of advertisers looking for a female audience, which is not the case with football, and during games it is difficult to insert commercial breaks.During the World Cup, M6 has made a good-cons programming including "Love is in the meadow, which was a great success. In the end, the World Cup has cost us about 0.3 point fall national audience but had no effect on our advertising revenue. Instead, in June, our screens were saturated and our advertising revenue in the second quarter increased 12%.

Does that mean you give up to buy sports rights?

I did not say that. M6 continue to purchase rights, particularly in football, but we approach the issue with caution. Today, the cost of rights is too important, even if they have started to fall on those of the France team and those of the Champions League.We acquired two games of the France team in the fall (Luxembourg-France and Bosnia-France) and we will probably go on the tender to be held in September of rights for Euro 2012 and 2016.

The hearing is continuing its erosion of M6. How about it?

Let's review the last ten years. During this period, the M6 has improved its position against its competitors historical. In 2000, we were only 38% of TF1's hearing today, we are at 42%. Better still, we're currently 64% of the hearing of France 2 against 57% in 2000 and we arrive at 95% of the audience at France 3. In absolute terms, of course, the hearing of M6 is increased from 12.7% in 2000 to 10.4% today. But in ten years, the number of channels has increased with TNT. We must therefore measure the audience of all group channels (M6, W9 and channels), which has now reached 14.2%.We have therefore gained market share in a decade.

What are your predictions for the advertising market in 2010?

The rise of television advertising market is due to the very effectiveness of the media, which proved he was still the most powerful. However, after the crisis of 2009, the market still suffers from a decline of 10% compared to 2008. We hope in the second half we find these levels. It should be noted that in the meantime the offer of television has multiplied, and there is more competition on a smaller market. Despite this background, M6 has managed to improve its result. For the whole year, I do not give predictions but I can tell you that in the short term, over the months of July, August and September, the market is not bad.

In addition, W9 continues to grow very rapidly. W9 has a national audience share of 3% and 3.8% on our business targets.She continues to experience strong growth in advertising revenues and is the TNT channel most invested in advertising.

Will you return to innovate?

The M6 has always been innovative, two examples: it has been three years since we have successfully focused on cooking with "Dine With Me" and "Top Chef" of success that will continue in September. We have also developed the second generation of reality: with "Love is in the meadow", "New Star" and "Amazing Talent," which are programs to successful wide audience. The "19.45", launched last September, is already a success that should be amplified, we will pursue innovation in September with the recently highlighted the skills of French artisans.

We have also innovated with our services and VOD Catch Up TV (M6 and W9 Replay Replay).Even if these new services are growing very rapidly, we should keep. Eventually, the TV catch-up will represent between 2% to 4% of the initial hearing of the television and almost as much revenue.

M6 Will he participate in tenders issued by the CSA for the new DTT channels?

Currently, we examine the context of the tender. But be careful to balance the market in France, we are the European countries that saw the most public and private channels to develop.But the market can absorb new channels constantly.

Regarding funding, he must go after the clarification sought by the President of the Republic: government revenue for public broadcasters, private income for private channels, it is the condition of a balanced television industry.

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The Zerg, Protoss and Terrans are back. The three races battling in the legendary game of real-time strategy StarCraft landed Monday on PCs around the world after twelve years of absence. Fnac des Champs-Elysees the game will go on sale 22 hours. The first version of this futuristic war of the worlds had sold 11 million copies.

The publisher Activision Blizzard (Vivendi) is certain: Starcraft II (sold $ 60) will also be a success. During a meeting with analysts, reports the Wall Street Journal, Bobby Kotick, chief editor, said that Starcraft II was one of the "seven pillars of opportunity" of his group. Each of these "pillars" should generate between 500 million and 1 billion dollars during his life.

If Activision Blizzard does not want to reveal the cost of developing new work, the game should be very profitable thanks to increasing revenue. Beyond the 60 euros of the sale price of the base game, players will be encouraged to buy add-ons (weapons, missions) throughout its progress in the game All this, via micro-transactions online.

"Captive audience"

The advantage? "This results in recurring revenues and customer becomes captive, publishers building online communities around their titles, decrypts Richard Beaudou, video games analyst at Natixis. "This model comes from Japan and invaded Europe in two years." Gross margin games designed on this model reaches 50%, against 15-25% for conventional.

The launch of Starcraft could however be overshadowed by a lackluster.Video game sales fell 6% over the first five months of the year in the United States, according to the institute reference NPD Group. Activision Blizzard executives remain confident. "StarCraft II will not fail to customers," he assured Bobby Kotick at the E3 video games fair in Las Vegas. "Several million people are still playing the first version of the game when it was released just over ten years."

Cows

Activision Blizzard hopes to replicate the success of World of Warcraft, Call of Duty or Guitar Hero, all blockbusters. These securities have become over time real cash cows, each new version is proving to be a commercial success.The latest edition of World of Warcraft and Call of Duty have enabled the group to see its turnover soar 33% in first quarter 2010, against the current market.

On Monday in early trading, Activision Blizzard title earned 1.54%, to 11.91 dollars at the NYSE.

To remove the controversy on the concerns of receipt of the iPhone 4, Apple and its CEO have found a solution: to affirm that all smartphones have suffered a loss of reception bars when they are kept on hand to somehow. For Apple, the controversy surrounding his new phone, called the U.S. of "Antennagate" is in fact more of fashion design mobile phones that the iPhone 4 itself. "We're not perfect, the phones are not perfect," Steve Jobs defended himself Friday night.

To support his theory, since Apple has put together a special page on its website in which we see in videos BlackBerry Bold 9700 HTC Droid Eris, the Samsung Omnia and iPhone 3G II lose reception bars when they are kept on hand. The external antenna on the iPhone 4, which is more easily disturbed by contact with skin, aggravate anything.But the methodology of these tests has not been disclosed.

These denials have triggered this weekend the wrath of Apple's competitors, even though no one has accused him of cheating. "RIM's attempt to lead in a crisis that Apple is responsible is unacceptable," responded vehemently CEOs of the Canadian group. The maker of BlackBerry explains willfully "avoided designs such as the one used by Apple for its iPhone 4 and [their] favor innovative designs that reduce the risk of dropped calls" in areas poorly covered.

The other reactions are in proportion. Bullied to a video of Apple, Samsung said that the antenna's Omnia II is located in the center of the device, which reduces the risk of disruption and allows him to deny any reception problems.HTC, meanwhile, opposes a series of numbers to assert that the complaints related to the reception quality is much lower than those recorded on the iPhone 4. Arranged by Apple, Nokia boasts of his expertise since "decades". "If there is conflict, we give priority to the performance of the antenna on the physical design," says the Finnish group.

Apple is visiting his secret chambers

This burst of feedback sounds like a revenge of historical manufacturers of mobile phones. Faced with a newcomer today although cumbersome, they underline the block and amateurish errors. According to Bloomberg, the head of antennas at Apple, Ruben Cabarello, had warned his superiors of the risks posed by the design of the iPhone 4 on the quality of reception. But Apple would have remained riveted on this design.Since the article has been publicly described as "shit box" by Steve Jobs, who had assured discovered until recently.

Engaged in a war of communications, Steve Jobs was still "deeply sorry" for its customers who encountered problems, but mainly wanted to give assurances of the seriousness of his team, explaining that the iPhone has had four "the most advanced antenna ever seen. Usually so secretive, the company partially opened to the press its laboratories. In all, the group claimed to have spent over 100 million dollars to develop its campus in California seventeen rooms experimental mobile reception, staffed by top scientists.

This controversy, which affects the image of the brand, does not yet spread on sales.Apple has been three million iPhone 4 in three weeks and financial analysts have revised downward their forecasts nor nor their notes on the action. While minimizing the problems, Apple has still decided to offer up to the end of September to all customers, protective shells, which suppress the plastic skin contact. This measure was estimated at fifty million dollars. "[Our] customers do not need to put their BlackBerry in a holster to maintain good connectivity," joked RIM.

Farmer in Nizhny Novgorod, east of Moscow, is desperate Kassoumov Acker. This summer, because of the drought, "the grain of wheat could not germinate," laments the operator in front of cameras showing the chain Volga an ear of corn all withered. Result, the performance of his farm is expected to reach ten quintals per hectare instead of 28 quintals provided. As to the 210 acres of grass hay sown a few months ago, "they have been wasted," says Acker Kassoumov.

After a very cold winter and snow, this year Russia is experiencing one of the worst droughts in its history, as in 1972 when the USSR was forced to import wheat. In the Volga basin, but also in Siberia, the mercury rises, reaching 35 degrees for several weeks in Krasnodar (southern).In Ulyanovsk, 900 miles southeast of Moscow, only 200,000 tons of wheat should be harvested, against more than one million tonnes last year.

Nineteen areas in particular suffer from this episode extreme climate, mainly located in the southern basin of the Volga River where the water, whether drinking purposes or watering, is sorely lacking. "There is not a question of financial loss, but survival of peasants!" Has alarmed Skourikhine Pavel, President of the National Union of Producers of wheat, at a press conference Moscow. Many farms are facing bankruptcy payday advance. Given the urgency of the situation, the authorities of countries have expressed readiness to help these nineteen regions. Budgetary allocations will be granted at rates well below inflation (2% per year over five years).A total budget of 40 billion rubles is raised (about one billion euros), a figure corresponding to the amount of losses as assessed by the daily Kommersant.

Unlike their Western colleagues in such circumstances, the Russian agricultural officials are careful not to formally assign catastrophism, making sure to thank the Kremlin for their efforts.

Wheat prices soar

Professionals note in Siberia, a drought will resume wheat prices, to offset the fall in prices that occurred last year after a phase of overproduction. Prices were burning this weekend on U.S. and European markets for wheat, before a lull yesterday.

Subsequent events depend on the duration of the heatwave, which has experienced five episodes equivalents for 130 years.No meteorologist provides improvement in the medium term, however, but spread to the Far East of Russia. Whether in the Orthodox churches or the plains of Tatarstan Muslim, religious leaders pray for the return of rain.

After a pause of three days (Monday holiday), the U.S. stock market, resumed the height Tuesday. The Standard & Poor's 500 and Nasdaq 100 advancing in effect by 1.3% to 1035 points and 1.7% to 2126 points. On Friday, the NYSE has fallen heavily, cooled by the monthly figures of employment in the United States, although less well than expected. Last week, the Dow Jones dropped 4.51% to 9686.48 points, ending Friday at its lowest level since October 5. The Nasdaq fell 5.92% to 2091.79 points and the Standard & Poor's 500 index 5.03% to 1022.58 points.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro continues to rise on Tuesday. At 15.30, the euro gained 0.38% to 1.2592 dollar.

The session on Wall Street, will begin with the announcement of the PMI services.Apart from this indicator, no other major news is expected.

After the disappointment of Friday on the employment figures, investors should be particularly careful this week to weekly figures for unemployment benefits that are to be published Thursday.

The employment report in June showed Friday that the U.S. economy had reduced jobs for the first time since the beginning of the year. Even the decline in the unemployment rate to 9.5% was not enough to reassure investors, this situation reflects the despair of a portion of the workforce, which seeks more jobs.On Wall Street as on most other major world places, operators should play the card of caution this week before the opening of the interim results season.

On the face values

Within the Dow, the ball begins, as always, with results from Alcoa July 12 (next Monday).

Meanwhile, the discount retailer Family Dollar Stores (3% to 39.8 dollars) to publish its half-yearly results on Wednesday credit score. This will be the only company in the S & P 500 to publish its results this week.

The BP Plc, also listed on Wall Street leads the session with an increase of 4.9% to 30.8 million.After the group has denied being the search for new shareholders, Shokri Ghanem, Chairman of National Oil Co, a Libyan oil, said that Libya should return to the capital of the British oil company.

The share of investment bank Goldman Sachs benefits of raising recommendation JPMorgan, which rose to overweight on the title: +1.7% to 133.3 million.

Ford Motors has seen its price target return of 16-14 dollars by Goldman Sachs, the bank has lowered its estimate of overall vehicle sales in 2010. However, retain a recommendation "attractive" on the automotive sector. Finally, shares rise 1.5% to 10.43 dollars.

News Corp., the media group founded by Rupert Murdoch, The Wall Street Journal, in discussion with Google, Microsoft and Yahoo! for the sale of advertising space on MySpace, so that the current contract with Google ends.The securities earn 1% to 11.9 million.

The group of agrochemicals and seeds Monsanto (0.3% to 46.7 U.S. dollars) Monday withdrew its complaint against European importers of industrial soybean meal from Argentina. Monsanto previously estimated that they infringed its European patent on its Roundup Ready soybeans. But the group has settled its dispute with the Dutch importer and dealer Cefetra raw Alfred C. Toepfer International just before decide the European Court of Justice on the case Tuesday.

The leaders of Taiwan and mainland China signed Monday in Chongqing, Sichuan, a free trade agreement that will profoundly change the relationship between the two countries. Called framework agreement on economic cooperation (ECFA), it plans to introduce preferential tariffs on 539 products exported from Taiwan to China, the island being provided by 250 Chinese products. More favorable to Taiwan and in Beijing, however, it divides the citizens of the island. They fear that China, which does not recognize the Republic of Taiwan and considers it a renegade province, one profits to strengthen its hold on her and never grows to become like Hong Kong, part of its territory since 1997 .

After starting the session on an uptick, the indices fall into the red after 16 hours. The Dow Jones lost 0.11% to 10.431points, while the S & P coward 0.20% to 1111 points. Only the Nasdaq is on track with an increase of 0.13% to 2292 points. Investors welcomed the announcement of a bad back, unexpected, in May, resales of new housing: – 2.2% last month to 5.66 million units annualized, while economists had forecast an average of 6 12 million units or 5.5%. This further decline comes after two consecutive months of rising sales.

The night before, after long hesitation which direction to take, Wall Street finished little decline in trading volumes very low: The Dow Jones lost 0.08% at 10,442 points, the Nasdaq 0.90% to 2289 points and the S & P500 -0.39% to 1113 points. Previously, Wall Street had lined up eight consecutive sessions.Yesterday, investors have largely reacted to the announcement by China to implement an exchange rate policy more "flexible".

On the foreign exchange market, the euro resumed its decline late Monday afternoon, and continued to fall in the morning against the dollar, falling below 1.23 dollars, amid persistent fears over the economic health Europe Guaranteed payday loans.

Energy and raw material expected

On the side of values, or related companies exporting energy and raw materials may still be affected by the rising yuan including Caterpillar (+0.17% to 66.18 dollars) a strong presence in China, Freeport -McMoRan Copper & Gold (-1.37% to 67.18 dollars) or aluminum specialist Alcoa (-0.17% 11.70 dollars).Conversely, the retail sector could suffer pressure on its margins.

Always on the side of values, Visa (-1.33% to 79.82 dollars) and Mastercard (-0.05% to 223.22 U.S. dollars) closed sharply higher Monday after an agreement between members of Congress on the regulation banking fees.

Also note, Goldman Sachs (-0.37% to 137.23 dollars), receives an extension from the court to answer a complaint filed by the SEC, which accused him of fraud. Goldman Sachs has until July 19 to provide evidence to defend himself against the complaint, which concerns the sale of CDOs.